cpp-dice-roller/include/dice-roll/parser.h

//
//  parser.h
//  dice-roll
//
//  Created by Sam Jaffe on 1/16/21.
//  Copyright © 2021 Sam Jaffe. All rights reserved.
//

#pragma once

#include <iosfwd>

#include "die.h"

namespace dice {

/*
 * A parser that translates a stream of text input into a dice object. The
 * string matches the following schema-rule:
 *
 * dice-string:
 *   dice-expression
 *   positive-integer '{' dice-expression '}'
 *
 * dice-expression:
 *   die-expression
 *   die-expression {'+'|'-'} dice-expression-rec
 *
 * dice-expression-rec:
 *   {die-expression|modifier}
 *   {die-expression|modifier} {'+'|'-'} dice-expression-rec
 *
 * modifier:
 *   positive-integer
 *
 * die-expression:
 *   positive-integer 'd' positive-integer
 *   positive-integer 'D' positive-integer
 */
class parser {
private:
  std::istream & is_;
  dice dice_;

public:
  parser(std::istream & is) : is_(is) {}

  dice parse();

private:
  /**
   * Main dispatch function for parsing a dice roll.
   * @param s The current +/- sign attached to the parse sequence. s is ZERO
   * when parsing the first token, or after parsing a die. This means an
   * expression like '1d4+5+1d6+2d8' is evaluated as a sequence like so:
   * [1d4][+][5+][1d6][+][2d8]. This produces the following states of (SIGN,
   * input stream):
   * 1) ZERO, 1d4+5+1d6+2d8
   * 2) ZERO, +5+1d6+2d8
   * 3) PLUS, 5+1d6+2d8
   * 4) PLUS, 1d6+2d8
   * 5) ZERO, +2d8
   * 6) PLUS, 2d8
   */
  void parse_impl(sign s);
  /**
   * @sideeffect This function advances the input stream over a single numeric
   * token. This token represents the number of sides in the die roll.
   * This function appends a new die into {@see d.of}, representing (+/-)NdM,
   * where N is the input parameter 'value', and M is retrieved internally.
   * @param s The arithmatic sign attached to this roll, denoting whether this
   * die increases or decreases the total result of the roll. For example, the
   * 5E spell Bane imposes a -1d4 modifier on attack rolls, an attack roll might
   * go from '1d20+2+3' (1d20 + Proficiency + Ability) to '1d20+2+3-1d4'.
   * @param value The number of dice to be rolled.
   * Domain: value >= 0
   * @throw dice::unexpected_token if we somehow call parse_dN while the first
   * non-whitespace token after the 'd' char is not a number.
   */
  void parse_dN(sign s, int value);
  /**
   * @param s The arithmatic sign attached to this numeric constant. Because
   * value is non-negative, this token contains the +/- effect.
   * @param value The value associated with this modifier term.
   * Domain: value >= 0
   */
  void parse_const(sign s, int value);
  void parse_dc(char token);
};

}