json-validator/include/jvalidate/constraint.h

#pragma once

#include <functional>
#include <map>
#include <memory>
#include <set>
#include <string_view>
#include <unordered_map>
#include <unordered_set>

#include <jvalidate/constraint/array_constraint.h>
#include <jvalidate/constraint/general_constraint.h>
#include <jvalidate/constraint/number_constraint.h>
#include <jvalidate/constraint/object_constraint.h>
#include <jvalidate/constraint/string_constraint.h>

#include <jvalidate/detail/expect.h>
#include <jvalidate/detail/parser_context.h>
#include <jvalidate/detail/vocabulary.h>
#include <jvalidate/enum.h>
#include <jvalidate/forward.h>

namespace jvalidate {
template <Adapter A> class ConstraintFactory {
public:
  using pConstraint = std::unique_ptr<constraint::Constraint>;
  using MakeConstraint = typename detail::Vocabulary<A>::MakeConstraint;

  using Object = decltype(std::declval<A>().as_object());
  enum KeywordType { Keyword, Removed };

  struct Make {
    Make(KeywordType t) : is_keyword(t == Keyword) {}
    template <typename F> Make(F make) : make(make), is_keyword(true) {}

    explicit operator bool() const { return make || is_keyword; }
    operator MakeConstraint() const { return make; }

    MakeConstraint make = nullptr;
    bool is_keyword = false;
  };

  struct Versioned {
    template <typename M> Versioned(M make) : data{{schema::Version::Earliest, make}} {}
    template <typename M> Versioned(schema::Version version, M make) : data{{version, make}} {}
    Versioned(std::initializer_list<std::pair<schema::Version const, Make>> init) : data(init) {}

    std::map<schema::Version, Make, std::greater<>> data;
  };
  using Store = std::unordered_map<std::string_view, Versioned>;

private:
  using Self = ConstraintFactory<A>;

private:
  std::unordered_map<std::string_view, Versioned> constraints_{
      {"$defs", {schema::Version::Draft2019_09, Keyword}},
      {"additionalItems",
       {{schema::Version::Earliest, &Self::additionalItems},
        {schema::Version::Draft2020_12, Removed}}},
      {"additionalProperties", &Self::additionalProperties},
      {"allOf", {schema::Version::Draft04, &Self::allOf}},
      {"anyOf", {schema::Version::Draft04, &Self::anyOf}},
      {"const", {schema::Version::Draft06, &Self::isConstant}},
      {"contains", {schema::Version::Draft06, &Self::contains}},
      {"definitions", Keyword},
      {"dependencies", &Self::dependencies},
      {"dependentRequired", {schema::Version::Draft2019_09, &Self::dependentRequired}},
      {"dependentSchemas", {schema::Version::Draft2019_09, &Self::dependentSchemas}},
      {"disallow",
       {{schema::Version::Earliest, &Self::disallowDraft3}, {schema::Version::Draft04, Removed}}},
      {"divisibleBy",
       {{schema::Version::Earliest, &Self::multipleOf}, {schema::Version::Draft04, Removed}}},
      {"else", {{schema::Version::Draft07, Keyword}}},
      {"enum", &Self::isInEnumuration},
      {"exclusiveMaximum", {schema::Version::Draft06, &Self::exclusiveMaximum}},
      {"exclusiveMinimum", {schema::Version::Draft06, &Self::exclusiveMinimum}},
      {"extends",
       {{schema::Version::Earliest, &Self::extendsDraft3}, {schema::Version::Draft04, Removed}}},
      {"format", &Self::format},
      {"if", {schema::Version::Draft07, &Self::ifThenElse}},
      {"items",
       {{schema::Version::Earliest, &Self::itemsTupleOrVector},
        {schema::Version::Draft2020_12, &Self::additionalItems}}},
      {"maxItems", &Self::maxItems},
      {"maxLength", &Self::maxLength},
      {"maxProperties", {schema::Version::Draft04, &Self::maxProperties}},
      {"maximum", &Self::maximum},
      {"minItems", &Self::minItems},
      {"minLength", &Self::minLength},
      {"minProperties", {schema::Version::Draft04, &Self::minProperties}},
      {"minimum", &Self::minimum},
      {"multipleOf", {schema::Version::Draft04, &Self::multipleOf}},
      {"not", {schema::Version::Draft04, &Self::isNot}},
      {"oneOf", {schema::Version::Draft04, &Self::oneOf}},
      {"pattern", &Self::pattern},
      {"patternProperties", &Self::patternProperties},
      {"prefixItems", {schema::Version::Draft2020_12, &Self::prefixItems}},
      {"properties",
       {{schema::Version::Earliest, &Self::propertiesDraft3},
        {schema::Version::Draft04, &Self::properties}}},
      {"propertyNames", {schema::Version::Draft06, &Self::propertyNames}},
      {"required", {schema::Version::Draft04, &Self::required}},
      {"then", {schema::Version::Draft07, Keyword}},
      {"type",
       {{schema::Version::Earliest, &Self::typeDraft3}, {schema::Version::Draft04, &Self::type}}},
      {"unevaluatedItems", {schema::Version::Draft2019_09, &Self::unevaluatedItems}},
      {"unevaluatedProperties", {schema::Version::Draft2019_09, &Self::unevaluatedProperties}},
      {"uniqueItems", &Self::uniqueItems},
  };

public:
  ConstraintFactory() = default;

  ConstraintFactory(std::initializer_list<std::pair<std::string_view, Versioned>> init) {
    constraints_.insert(init.begin(), init.end());
  }

  ConstraintFactory<A> && with_user_keyword(std::string_view word, Versioned make) && {
    constraints_.insert(word, std::move(make));
    return *this;
  }

  ConstraintFactory<A> && override_keyword(std::string_view word, Versioned make) && {
    constraints_[word] = std::move(make);
    return *this;
  }

  detail::Vocabulary<A> keywords(schema::Version version) const {
    std::unordered_map<std::string_view, MakeConstraint> rval;
    for (auto const & [key, versions] : constraints_) {
      if (auto it = versions.data.lower_bound(version); it != versions.data.end() && it->second) {
        rval.emplace(key, it->second);
      }
    }

    return detail::Vocabulary<A>(version, std::move(rval));
  }

  // SECTION: Untyped Constraints

  static auto type(detail::ParserContext<A> const & context) {
    static std::unordered_map<std::string_view, adapter::Type> const s_type_names{
        {"null", adapter::Type::Null},       {"boolean", adapter::Type::Boolean},
        {"integer", adapter::Type::Integer}, {"number", adapter::Type::Number},
        {"string", adapter::Type::String},   {"array", adapter::Type::Array},
        {"object", adapter::Type::Object},
    };

    auto to_type = [](std::string_view type) {
      EXPECT_M(s_type_names.contains(type), "Unknown type " << type);
      return s_type_names.at(type);
    };

    adapter::Type const type = context.schema.type();
    if (type == adapter::Type::String) {
      return std::make_unique<constraint::TypeConstraint>(to_type(context.schema.as_string()));
    }

    EXPECT(type == adapter::Type::Array);
    std::set<adapter::Type> types;
    for (auto subschema : context.schema.as_array()) {
      types.insert(to_type(subschema.as_string()));
    }
    return std::make_unique<constraint::TypeConstraint>(types);
  }

  static pConstraint typeDraft3(detail::ParserContext<A> const & context) {
    static std::unordered_map<std::string_view, adapter::Type> const s_type_names{
        {"null", adapter::Type::Null},       {"boolean", adapter::Type::Boolean},
        {"integer", adapter::Type::Integer}, {"number", adapter::Type::Number},
        {"string", adapter::Type::String},   {"array", adapter::Type::Array},
        {"object", adapter::Type::Object},
    };

    auto to_type = [](std::string_view type) {
      EXPECT_M(s_type_names.contains(type), "Unknown type " << type);
      return s_type_names.at(type);
    };

    adapter::Type const type = context.schema.type();
    if (type == adapter::Type::String) {
      if (context.schema.as_string() == "any") {
        return nullptr;
      }
      return std::make_unique<constraint::TypeConstraint>(to_type(context.schema.as_string()));
    }

    EXPECT(type == adapter::Type::Array);
    std::vector<schema::Node const *> children;

    std::set<adapter::Type> types;
    size_t index = 0;
    for (auto subschema : context.schema.as_array()) {
      if (subschema.type() != adapter::Type::String) {
        children.push_back(context.child(subschema, index).node());
      } else if (subschema.as_string() == "any") {
        return nullptr;
      } else {
        types.insert(to_type(subschema.as_string()));
      }
      ++index;
    }

    return constraint::PolyConstraint::AnyOf(
        std::make_unique<constraint::TypeConstraint>(types),
        std::make_unique<constraint::AnyOfConstraint>(children));
  }

  static pConstraint disallowDraft3(detail::ParserContext<A> const & context) {
    return constraint::PolyConstraint::Not(typeDraft3(context));
  }

  static pConstraint extendsDraft3(detail::ParserContext<A> const & context) {
    std::vector<schema::Node const *> children;
    switch (context.schema.type()) {
    case adapter::Type::Object:
      children.push_back(context.node());
      break;
    case adapter::Type::Array: {
      size_t index = 0;
      for (auto const & subschema : context.schema.as_array()) {
        children.push_back(context.child(subschema, index).node());
        ++index;
      }
      break;
    }
    default:
      JVALIDATE_THROW(std::runtime_error, "extends must be a schema of array-of-schemas");
    }

    return std::make_unique<constraint::AllOfConstraint>(children);
  }

  static pConstraint ifThenElse(detail::ParserContext<A> const & context) {
    schema::Node const * then_ = context.fixed_schema(true);
    if (context.parent->contains("then")) {
      then_ = context.neighbor("then").node();
    }

    schema::Node const * else_ = context.fixed_schema(true);
    if (context.parent->contains("else")) {
      else_ = context.neighbor("else").node();
    }

    return std::make_unique<constraint::ConditionalConstraint>(context.node(), then_, else_);
  }

  static auto isInEnumuration(detail::ParserContext<A> const & context) {
    EXPECT(context.schema.type() == adapter::Type::Array);

    std::vector<std::unique_ptr<adapter::Const const>> rval;
    for (auto subschema : context.schema.as_array()) {
      rval.push_back(subschema.freeze());
    }

    return std::make_unique<constraint::EnumConstraint>(std::move(rval));
  }

  static auto isConstant(detail::ParserContext<A> const & context) {
    return std::make_unique<constraint::EnumConstraint>(context.schema.freeze());
  }

  static auto allOf(detail::ParserContext<A> const & context) {
    EXPECT(context.schema.type() == adapter::Type::Array);

    std::vector<schema::Node const *> rval;
    size_t index = 0;
    for (auto subschema : context.schema.as_array()) {
      rval.push_back(context.child(subschema, index).node());
      ++index;
    }

    return std::make_unique<constraint::AllOfConstraint>(rval);
  }

  static auto anyOf(detail::ParserContext<A> const & context) {
    EXPECT(context.schema.type() == adapter::Type::Array);

    std::vector<schema::Node const *> rval;
    size_t index = 0;
    for (auto subschema : context.schema.as_array()) {
      rval.push_back(context.child(subschema, index).node());
      ++index;
    }

    return std::make_unique<constraint::AnyOfConstraint>(rval);
  }

  static auto oneOf(detail::ParserContext<A> const & context) {
    EXPECT(context.schema.type() == adapter::Type::Array);

    std::vector<schema::Node const *> rval;
    size_t index = 0;
    for (auto subschema : context.schema.as_array()) {
      rval.push_back(context.child(subschema, index).node());
      ++index;
    }

    return std::make_unique<constraint::OneOfConstraint>(rval);
  }

  static auto isNot(detail::ParserContext<A> const & context) {
    return std::make_unique<constraint::NotConstraint>(context.node());
  }

  // SECTION: Numeric Constraints

  static auto minimum(detail::ParserContext<A> const & context) {
    double value = context.schema.as_number();
    if (context.vocab->version() < schema::Version::Draft06 &&
        context.parent->contains("exclusiveMinimum")) {
      auto exclusive = (*context.parent)["exclusiveMinimum"];
      EXPECT(exclusive.type() == adapter::Type::Boolean);
      return std::make_unique<constraint::MinimumConstraint>(value, exclusive.as_boolean());
    }
    return std::make_unique<constraint::MinimumConstraint>(value, false);
  }

  static pConstraint exclusiveMinimum(detail::ParserContext<A> const & context) {
    double value = context.schema.as_number();
    return std::make_unique<constraint::MinimumConstraint>(value, true);
  }

  static auto maximum(detail::ParserContext<A> const & context) {
    double value = context.schema.as_number();
    if (context.vocab->version() < schema::Version::Draft06 &&
        context.parent->contains("exclusiveMaximum")) {
      auto exclusive = (*context.parent)["exclusiveMaximum"];
      EXPECT(exclusive.type() == adapter::Type::Boolean);
      return std::make_unique<constraint::MaximumConstraint>(value, exclusive.as_boolean());
    }
    return std::make_unique<constraint::MaximumConstraint>(value, false);
  }

  static pConstraint exclusiveMaximum(detail::ParserContext<A> const & context) {
    double value = context.schema.as_number();
    return std::make_unique<constraint::MaximumConstraint>(value, true);
  }

  static auto multipleOf(detail::ParserContext<A> const & context) {
    double value = context.schema.as_number();
    return std::make_unique<constraint::MultipleOfConstraint>(value);
  }

  // SECTION: String Constraints

  static auto minLength(detail::ParserContext<A> const & context) {
    EXPECT(context.schema.type() == adapter::Type::Integer ||
           context.schema.type() == adapter::Type::Number);
    return std::make_unique<constraint::MinLengthConstraint>(context.schema.as_integer());
  }

  static auto maxLength(detail::ParserContext<A> const & context) {
    EXPECT(context.schema.type() == adapter::Type::Integer ||
           context.schema.type() == adapter::Type::Number);
    return std::make_unique<constraint::MaxLengthConstraint>(context.schema.as_integer());
  }

  static auto pattern(detail::ParserContext<A> const & context) {
    return std::make_unique<constraint::PatternConstraint>(context.schema.as_string());
  }

  static auto format(detail::ParserContext<A> const & context) {
    return std::make_unique<constraint::FormatConstraint>(context.schema.as_string());
  }

  // SECTION: Array Constraints

  static auto contains(detail::ParserContext<A> const & context) {
    if (context.vocab->version() < schema::Version::Draft2019_09) {
      return std::make_unique<constraint::ContainsConstraint>(context.node());
    }

    std::optional<size_t> maximum;
    std::optional<size_t> minimum;
    if (context.parent->contains("maxContains")) {
      maximum = (*context.parent)["maxContains"].as_integer();
    }
    if (context.parent->contains("minContains")) {
      minimum = (*context.parent)["minContains"].as_integer();
    }

    return std::make_unique<constraint::ContainsConstraint>(context.node(), minimum, maximum);
  }

  static auto minItems(detail::ParserContext<A> const & context) {
    EXPECT(context.schema.type() == adapter::Type::Integer ||
           context.schema.type() == adapter::Type::Number);
    return std::make_unique<constraint::MinItemsConstraint>(context.schema.as_integer());
  }

  static auto maxItems(detail::ParserContext<A> const & context) {
    EXPECT(context.schema.type() == adapter::Type::Integer ||
           context.schema.type() == adapter::Type::Number);
    return std::make_unique<constraint::MaxItemsConstraint>(context.schema.as_integer());
  }

  static auto prefixItems(detail::ParserContext<A> const & context) {
    EXPECT(context.schema.type() == adapter::Type::Array);

    std::vector<schema::Node const *> rval;
    size_t index = 0;
    for (auto subschema : context.schema.as_array()) {
      rval.push_back(context.child(subschema, index).node());
      ++index;
    }

    return std::make_unique<constraint::TupleConstraint>(rval);
  }

  static auto additionalItemsAfter(detail::ParserContext<A> const & context, size_t n) {
    using C = constraint::AdditionalItemsConstraint;
    if (context.vocab->version() < schema::Version::Draft06 &&
        context.schema.type() == adapter::Type::Boolean) {
      return std::make_unique<C>(context.always(), n);
    }

    return std::make_unique<C>(context.node(), n);
  }

  static pConstraint additionalItems(detail::ParserContext<A> const & context) {
    std::string const prefix =
        context.vocab->version() >= schema::Version::Draft2020_12 ? "prefixItems" : "items";

    Object const & parent = *context.parent;
    // Before Draft 2020-12, the "items" could be either a subschema or a tuple.
    // When not provided, we therefore treat it as an "accept-all" schema, and
    // thus will never have additionalItems to process. Similarly - if it is an
    // Object, then it must act on all items.
    if (context.vocab->version() < schema::Version::Draft2020_12 &&
        (not parent.contains(prefix) || parent[prefix].type() == adapter::Type::Object)) {
      return nullptr;
    }

    return additionalItemsAfter(context, parent[prefix].array_size());
  }

  static pConstraint itemsTupleOrVector(detail::ParserContext<A> const & context) {
    if (context.schema.type() == adapter::Type::Array) {
      return prefixItems(context);
    }

    return additionalItemsAfter(context, 0);
  }

  static auto unevaluatedItems(detail::ParserContext<A> const & context) {
    return std::make_unique<constraint::UnevaluatedItemsConstraint>(context.node());
  }

  static pConstraint uniqueItems(detail::ParserContext<A> const & context) {
    EXPECT(context.schema.type() == adapter::Type::Boolean);
    if (not context.schema.as_boolean()) {
      return nullptr;
    }

    return std::make_unique<constraint::UniqueItemsConstraint>();
  }

  // SECTION: Object Constraints

  static auto required(detail::ParserContext<A> const & context) {
    EXPECT(context.schema.type() == adapter::Type::Array);

    std::unordered_set<std::string> rval;
    for (auto subschema : context.schema.as_array()) {
      EXPECT(subschema.type() == adapter::Type::String);
      rval.insert(subschema.as_string());
    }

    return std::make_unique<constraint::RequiredConstraint>(rval);
  }

  static auto minProperties(detail::ParserContext<A> const & context) {
    EXPECT(context.schema.type() == adapter::Type::Integer ||
           context.schema.type() == adapter::Type::Number);
    return std::make_unique<constraint::MinPropertiesConstraint>(context.schema.as_integer());
  }

  static auto maxProperties(detail::ParserContext<A> const & context) {
    EXPECT(context.schema.type() == adapter::Type::Integer ||
           context.schema.type() == adapter::Type::Number);
    return std::make_unique<constraint::MaxPropertiesConstraint>(context.schema.as_integer());
  }

  static auto patternProperties(detail::ParserContext<A> const & context) {
    EXPECT(context.schema.type() == adapter::Type::Object);

    std::vector<std::pair<std::string, schema::Node const *>> rval;
    for (auto [prop, subschema] : context.schema.as_object()) {
      rval.emplace_back(prop, context.child(subschema, prop).node());
    }

    return std::make_unique<constraint::PatternPropertiesConstraint>(rval);
  }

  static auto properties(detail::ParserContext<A> const & context) {
    EXPECT(context.schema.type() == adapter::Type::Object);

    std::map<std::string, schema::Node const *> rval;
    for (auto [prop, subschema] : context.schema.as_object()) {
      rval.emplace(prop, context.child(subschema, prop).node());
    }

    return std::make_unique<constraint::PropertiesConstraint>(rval);
  }

  static pConstraint propertiesDraft3(detail::ParserContext<A> const & context) {
    EXPECT(context.schema.type() == adapter::Type::Object);

    std::unordered_set<std::string> required;
    for (auto [prop, subschema] : context.schema.as_object()) {
      EXPECT(subschema.type() == adapter::Type::Object);
      if (auto sub = subschema.as_object();
          sub.contains("required") && sub["required"].as_boolean()) {
        required.insert(prop);
      }
    }

    if (required.empty()) {
      return properties(context);
    }
    return constraint::PolyConstraint::AllOf(
        properties(context), std::make_unique<constraint::RequiredConstraint>(std::move(required)));
  }

  static auto propertyNames(detail::ParserContext<A> const & context) {
    return std::make_unique<constraint::PropertyNamesConstraint>(context.node());
  }

  static auto unevaluatedProperties(detail::ParserContext<A> const & context) {
    return std::make_unique<constraint::UnevaluatedPropertiesConstraint>(context.node());
  }

  static auto additionalProperties(detail::ParserContext<A> const & context) {
    std::unordered_set<std::string> properties;
    std::vector<std::string> patterns;

    Object const & parent = *context.parent;
    if (parent.contains("properties")) {
      for (auto [key, _] : parent["properties"].as_object()) {
        properties.insert(key);
      }
    }
    if (parent.contains("patternProperties")) {
      for (auto [key, _] : parent["patternProperties"].as_object()) {
        patterns.push_back(key);
      }
    }

    using C = constraint::AdditionalPropertiesConstraint;
    if (context.vocab->version() < schema::Version::Draft06 &&
        context.schema.type() == adapter::Type::Boolean) {
      return std::make_unique<C>(context.always(), properties, patterns);
    }

    return std::make_unique<C>(context.node(), properties, patterns);
  }

  static auto dependencies(detail::ParserContext<A> const & context) {
    EXPECT(context.schema.type() == adapter::Type::Object);

    std::map<std::string, schema::Node const *> schemas;
    std::map<std::string, std::unordered_set<std::string>> required;
    for (auto [prop, subschema] : context.schema.as_object()) {
      if (subschema.type() == adapter::Type::Array) {
        for (auto key : subschema.as_array()) {
          EXPECT(key.type() == adapter::Type::String);
          required[prop].insert(key.as_string());
        }
      } else if (context.vocab->version() <= schema::Version::Draft03 &&
                 subschema.type() == adapter::Type::String) {
        required[prop].insert(subschema.as_string());
      } else {
        schemas.emplace(prop, context.child(subschema, prop).node());
      }
    }

    return std::make_unique<constraint::DependenciesConstraint>(schemas, required);
  }

  static auto dependentSchemas(detail::ParserContext<A> const & context) {
    EXPECT(context.schema.type() == adapter::Type::Object);

    std::map<std::string, schema::Node const *> rval;
    for (auto [prop, subschema] : context.schema.as_object()) {
      rval.emplace(prop, context.child(subschema, prop).node());
    }

    return std::make_unique<constraint::DependenciesConstraint>(rval);
  }

  static auto dependentRequired(detail::ParserContext<A> const & context) {
    EXPECT(context.schema.type() == adapter::Type::Object);

    std::map<std::string, std::unordered_set<std::string>> rval;
    for (auto [prop, subschema] : context.schema.as_object()) {
      EXPECT(subschema.type() == adapter::Type::Array);
      for (auto key : subschema.as_array()) {
        EXPECT(key.type() == adapter::Type::String);
        rval[prop].insert(key.as_string());
      }
    }

    return std::make_unique<constraint::DependenciesConstraint>(rval);
  }
};
}